＊麥角生物鹼 (Ergot alkaloids)

  http://www.world-of-fungi.org/Mostly_Medical/Ziad_Madlom/Ergot_alkaloids.htm

Ergot is the dried sclerotium (菌核) of the fungus Claviceps purpurea，常寄生於裸麥、大麥、小麥、燕麥、以及其他禾本科植物，長度為正常麥粒的2~10倍。

l          麥角中毒(ergotism)在中古世紀常發生，患者手足發生壞疽、中樞神經錯亂，乃至死亡。

l          1582年德國Adam Loncier醫師以3粒麥角催生，分娩期小於3小時。後因天然物有效成分濃度難以掌握，已不使用。

l          可用於治療偏頭痛。

l          有三種衍生物用為抗巴金森氏症藥物的助劑：bomocriptine, lisuride and pergolide

Table 1. Alkaloids of the ergot sclerotium
Group	Alkaloid	Formula	Discovered
1.Ergometrine Group	Ergotmetrine Ergotmetrinine	C19H22O2N3	Dudley and Moir (1935)
	Ergotamine	C33H35O5N5	Spiro and Stoll (1920)
2.Ergotamine Group	Ergotaminine
	Ergosine	C30H37O5N5	Smith and Timmis (1937)
	Ergosinine
	Ergocristine	C35H39O5N5	Stoll and Burckhardt (1937)
3.Ergotoxine Group	Ergocristinine
	Ergocryptine	C32H41O5N5	Stoll and Hofmann (1938,1943)
	Ergocryptinine
	Ergocornine	C31H39O5N5
	Ergocorninine

Figure 2